Hammerstone

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various hammerstones

Hand axe carving by deer antler hammer

An example of a cobble used as a hammerstone

In archaeology, a hammerstone is a hard cobble used to strike off lithic flakes from a lump of tool stone during the process of lithic reduction.¹ The hammerstone is a rather universal stone tool which appeared early in most regions of the world including Europe, India² and North America. This technology was of major importance to prehistoric cultures before the age of metalworking.

A hammerstone is made of a material such as limestone or quartzite, is often ovoid in shape (to better fit the human hand), and develops telltale battering marks on one or both ends. In archaeological recovery, hammerstones are often found in association with other stone tool artifacts, debitage and/or objects of the hammer such as ore.³⁴ The modern use of hammerstones is now mostly limited to flintknappers and others who wish to develop a better understanding of how stone tools were made.

References

^ Charles Joseph Singer, Richard Raper, Trevor Illtyd Williams, A History of Technology, 1954, Clarendon Press
^ Neelima Dahiya, Arts and Crafts in Northern India: From the Earliest Times to C. 200 B.C., 1986, D.K. Publishers
^ Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, 1904
^ C. Michael Hogan, Los Osos Back Bay, Megalithic Portal, editor A. Burnham (2008)

Prehistoric technology

Architectural

Ceremonial structures	Earliest religious structure Kiva Pyramid Temple

Dwellings	Neolithic architecture Burdei Cave Cliff dwelling Dugout Great house Hut Jacal Lean-to Longhouse Neolithic long house Pit-house Pueblitos Pueblo Rock shelter Roundhouse Stilt house Tent

Water management	Check dam Cistern Reservoir Water well

Other	Archaeological features Burnt mound Causewayed enclosure Henge Mead hall Megalithic architectural elements Midden Timber trackway

Tools

Farming	Neolithic Revolution Ard / plough Celt Digging stick Domestication Goad Irrigation Sickle Terracing

Food processing	Fire Basket Granaries Grinding slab Ground stone Hearth Manos Metate Mortar and pestle Pottery Quern-stone Storage pit

Hunting	Arrow Atlatl Bow and arrow Dart Projectile point Snare trap Spear

Toolmaking	Earliest toolmaking Biface Cupstone Hafting Hand axe Lithic core Lithic reduction Prepared-core technique Striking platform Tool stone

Other tools	Adze Awl Axe Blade Bone tool Bow drill Burin Chopper Cleaver Denticulate tool Fire plough Fire-saw Hammerstone Hand axe Knife Quern-stone Rope Scraper Stone tool Weapons Wheel Ancient maritime history

Arts and culture

Material goods	Basket weaving Beadwork Chalcolithic Clothing Clothing and textiles Hides Pottery Weaving

Prehistoric art	Earliest art Cairn Cave painting Geoglyph Ideograms List of prehistoric artworks Megalithic art Petroform Petroglyph Petrosomatoglyph Pictogram Rock art Stone circle

Burial	Burial mounds Chamber tomb Cist Cremation Dolmen Funeral pyre Grave Jar burial Megalithic tomb Mummy Stone box grave

Other cultural	Behavioral modernity Evolutionary origin of religions Music archaeology Prehistoric music

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Hammerstone Ultimate Study Guide

Hammerstone

See also

References