Gorontalo (province)

Gorontalo Province Provinsi Gorontalo
—  Province  —
Province of Gorontalo
Flag Seal
Motto: Duluo Limo Lo Pohalaa (Gorontalo) (The land of Medina's gate)
Location of Province of Gorontalo in Indonesia
Coordinates: 0°40′N 123°00′E
Country	Indonesia
Capital	Gorontalo
Government
• Governor	Rusli Habibie
Area
• Total	12,215.44 km2 (4,716.41 sq mi)
Population (2010)
• Total	1,038,590
• Density	Bad rounding here85/km2 (Bad rounding here220/sq mi)
Demographics
• Ethnic groups	Gorontaloan, Mongondow
• Religion	Islam (97.81%), Protestantism (1.59%), Hinduism (0.35%), Buddhism (0.09%)
• Languages	Indonesian (official), Gorontalo
Time zone	CIT (UTC+08)
Website	gorontaloprov.go.id

The Kwandang area.

Gorontalo Province (Indonesian: Provinsi Gorontalo) is a province of Indonesia. It is located in the north of the island of Sulawesi. The province's popualation is 1,038,590 (2010 census) and the capital is the city of Gorontalo.

The province was established in December 2000 being split from the province of North Sulawesi.

Etymology

There are various suggestions of the derivation of the name Gorontalo.:

• from Hulontalangio, the name of a tribe that resided in the area
• from Hua Lolontalango, which means cavemen who used to walk back and forth
• from Hulutalangi, which means nobler
• from Huluo Lo Tola, which means a place where snakehead fish breed
• from Pongolatalo or Pohulatalo, which means: a waiting place
• from Gunung Telu, which means three mountains
• from Hunto, which means a place that is always flowed by water

Geography

Gorontalo lies on the northern Sulawesi arm, known as the Minahassa Peninsula. The province has an elongated shape area, stretching from west to east almost horizontally on a map, with total area of 12,215.44 km² (4,716.41 sq mi). To the north and the south of the province are the Sulawesi Sea and the Gulf of Tomini, respectively. Prior to 2000, Gorontalo province was part of North Sulawesi province on the eastern border. The western border of the province is Central Sulawesi province.

Topography of the province is relatively low (0—40^o), with the elevation ranging between 0—2,400 m (7,900 ft) above sea level. Its coastline length is more than 590 km (370 mi). Counting the Exclusive Economic Zone to the north where Philippines is at the border, the total sea area of the province is more than 50,500 km² (19,500 sq mi). There are some small islands around the north and the south of the province, 67 of which have been identified and named.

Its population has grown from 840,000 in the 2000 census to 1,038,590 for the 2010 census, with nearly half the population residing in Gorontalo Regency or City.

History

In 1525, with Portuguese assistance, three small rock forts were built overlooking the waters of Lake Limboto. Still in place today, the Fort Otonaha complex has commanding views. The Spanish also entered the area in limited numbers via the Philippines during the mid-16th century. They introduced corn, tomatoes, chili peppers, horses, and the afternoon siesta to Gorontalo, all of which are an integral part of life there today.^{citation needed} The Dutch under the aegis of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) worked to wrest control of the lucrative spice trade away from the Sultanate of Ternate and push out all other European competitors. Gradually, the Dutch gained political control and ended the power of the local kings.

The people of Gorontalo achieved independence from Dutch rule in 1942. This was partly through the efforts of the guerrilla/freedom fighter and local hero Nani Wartabone, who forced out the occupying Japanese during World War II. Since the city escaped Allied bombing during the war, a number of Dutch-era buildings are still standing. Although many are in poor condition, Gorontalo City has a distinctive colonial appearance.

After Indonesia proclaimed its independence, Gorontalo became part of North Sulawesi province, and was seceded from North Sulawesi in 2000.

Administration

Governor office of Gorontalo Province (2010).

The governor and vice-governor, who are elected directly by the people, head the provincial administration. The province is divided into five regencies (Indonesian: kabupaten) and only one city (Indonesian: kota). When the province was established in 2000, there were only two regencies and the city in the province. Splitting of regencies occurred in 2003 (when Pohuwato Regency was created from the western part of Boalemo Regency, and Bone Bolango Regency was created from the eastern part of Gorontalo Regency) and 2007 (when North Gorontalo Regency was created from the northern part of Gorontalo Regency).
As of 2010, the list of regencies and cities in Gorontalo province is given in the table below.

Name	Capital	Est.	Statute	Area (km²)	Population Census 2010
Regency of Boalemo	Tilamuta	1999	UU 50/1999	2,567.36	129,177
Regency of Bone Bolango	Suwawa	2003	UU 6/2003	1,984.31	141,721
Regency of Gorontalo	Limboto	1959	UU 29/1959	2,124.60	354,857
Regency of Pohuwato	Marisa	2003	UU 6/2003	4,244.31	128,771
Regency of North Gorontalo (Gorontalo Utara)	Kwandang	2007	UU 11/2007	1,230.07	104,068
City of Gorontalo	*	1959	UU 29/1959	64.79	179,991

Note: * A city and also the provincial capital.

Sumalata Waters Reserve

The islands of Pepaya, Mas and Raja islands are located in the Sumalata Waters in North Gorontalo have been named a nature reserve since the Dutch colonial time in 1936. There are only 7 turtles species in the wold and 4 of them are found in the islands as the world's best turtle habitat, they are Penyu Hijau (Chelonia midas), Penyu Sisik (Eretmochelys imbricata), Penyu Tempayan (Caretta caretta) and Penyu Belimbing (Dermochelys coriacea). In 2011, the habitat threatened by human activities such as illegal poaching besides fish bombing activities, furthermore a lot of coral reefs where the food for the turtles come from have been damaged.