Bun'ei

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This article is about the Japanese era; for the Ryukyuan king, see Bunei (Ryukyu).

Bun'ei (文永) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Kōchō and before Kenji. This period spanned the years from February 1264 to April 1275. The reigning emperor was Kameyama-tennō (亀山天皇).

Change of era

• 1264 Bun'ei gannen (文永元年); 1264: The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Kōchō 4.

Events of the Bun'ei era

• 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 1st month): In the 15th year of Kameyama-tennō 's reign (亀山天皇15年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his cousin.
• 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 3rd month): Emperor Go-Uda is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui). The retired Emperor Kameyama continued to exercise power as cloistered emperor.
• 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 10th month): Hirohito-shinnō was named Crown Prince and heir to his first cousin, the Daikakuji-tō Emperor Go-Uda. This was the result of political maeuvering by Hirohito's father, the Jimyōin-tō Emperor Go-Fukakusa.

Japanese samurai defending the stone barrier -- from the narrative picture scroll Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba, which was painted between 1275 and 1293.

• November 19, 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 20th day of the 10th month): Battle of Bun'ei -- Kublai Khan's Mongol forces land at Hakata Bay near Fukuoka in Kyūshū. After landing and some armed skirmishes, the invaders withdraw to spend the night on shipboard. That night, a storm sinks several ships, and the fleet retreats to Korea rather than pressing their initial advantage. In the course of the day's fighting, the Hakozaki Shrine was burned to the ground. Nihon Ōdai Ichiran explains that the invaders were defeated because they lacked arrows.

See also

• Mongol invasions of Japan
• Battle of Kōan - the second invasion attempt by Kublai Khan, in 1281.

References

• Davis, Paul K. (1999). 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10-ISBN 0-19-514366-3; 13-ISBN 978-0-19-514366-9; OCLC 0195143663
• Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 10-ISBN 0-674-01753-6; 13-ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
• Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests, 1190-1400. London: Routledge. 10-ISBN 0415968623/13-ISBN 9780415968621; 10-ISBN 0203489500/13-ISBN 9780203489505; OCLC 53948747
• Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. 10-ISBN 0231049404/13-ISBN 9780231049405; OCLC 6042764

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Ben'ei	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th	11th	12th
Gregorian	1264	1265	1266	1267	1268	1269	1270	1271	1272	1273	1274	1275

Preceded by Kōchō

Era or nengō Bun'ei 1264–1275

Succeeded by Kenji